Alliance for Automotive Innovation
2025 Legislative Bill Tracking
Monday, December 8, 2025 3:59 AM


Bill (Crossfile)Bill Title & Upcoming HearingsSponsorStatusPosition / PriorityNotes
HB 216 Electric Vehicles - Repeal of Excise Tax Credit and Establishment of Rebate Program Fraser-HidalgoIn the House - Hearing 2/06 at 1:00 p.m. (1/15)
House Bill 216 proposes to repeal the electric vehicle excise tax credit in Maryland and establish the Electric Vehicle Rebate Program. The bill requires the Motor Vehicle Administration to create a website to administer the rebate program and mandates that participating dealers provide a rebate to eligible buyers at the time of purchase. The Administration will reimburse dealers for the rebates provided. The bill also specifies that the "total purchase price" of a vehicle on which the vehicle excise tax is imposed may not be reduced by the amount of a rebate. The bill generally relates to electric vehicle incentives and is set to take effect on July 1, 2026.

HB 439 (SB 405) Vehicle Laws - Fully Autonomous Vehicles - Human Safety Operators and Reporting Requirements StewartIn the House - Hearing 2/06 at 1:00 p.m. (1/20)
House Bill 439 proposes regulations for fully autonomous vehicles in Maryland. The bill requires a human safety operator to be present in certain fully autonomous vehicles operating on highways. It mandates manufacturers to submit incident reports to the Motor Vehicle Administration for any vehicle collisions, traffic citations, disengagements, or assaults involving fully autonomous vehicles. The bill also requires annual reports on disengagement events and outlines the conditions under which these reports must be submitted. Additionally, it specifies that fully autonomous vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 10,001 pounds or more must have a human safety operator present during operation. The bill is set to take effect on October 1, 2025.

HB 673 Condominiums and Homeowners Associations - Governing Documents - Electric Vehicle Recharging Equipment TerrasaIn the House - Hearing 2/11 at 1:00 p.m. (1/29)
House Bill 673, titled "Condominiums and Homeowners Associations - Governing Documents - Electric Vehicle Recharging Equipment":

- **Prohibition on Restrictions**: Prohibits provisions in the governing documents of condominiums and homeowners associations from unreasonably restricting the installation or authorization of electric vehicle recharging equipment.

- **Budget Process**: Installation or authorization of electric vehicle recharging equipment must follow the ordinary budget process of the condominium or homeowners association.

- **Parking Consideration**: Governing bodies must consider the availability of sufficient parking to meet community needs before installing or authorizing the installation of electric vehicle recharging equipment.

- **Licensing**: Authorizes governing bodies to grant licenses for up to 3 years, renewable at their discretion, for the installation of equipment or supply of electricity to electric vehicle recharging equipment.

- **Retroactive Application**: The Act applies retroactively to any covenant, restriction, or provision in a declaration, bylaws, or rules recorded or adopted before the effective date of the Act. The bill aims to facilitate the installation of electric vehicle recharging equipment in condominiums and homeowners associations while ensuring community needs are met.

HB 843 Consumer Protection - Motor Vehicles - Right to Repair HornbergerIn the House - Hearing 2/11 at 1:00 p.m. (1/29)
House Bill 843, titled "Consumer Protection - Motor Vehicles - Right to Repair," requires motor vehicle manufacturers to provide diagnostic, service, and repair information and tools to vehicle owners and independent repair facilities.

Key provisions include:

- **Information Access**: Manufacturers must make the same diagnostic and repair information available to owners and independent repair facilities as they do to their dealers.

- **Tool Availability**: Manufacturers must offer diagnostic and repair tools to owners and independent repair facilities on fair and reasonable terms.

- **Telematics Systems**: Manufacturers must install an open data platform in vehicles with telematics systems, allowing owners and independent repair facilities to access and use telematics information.

- **Consumer Rights Document**: The Consumer Protection Division must develop a document explaining telematics systems and consumer rights, which dealers must provide to consumers at the time of vehicle purchase.

- **Enforcement and Penalties**: Violations of the Act are considered unfair, abusive, or deceptive trade practices and are subject to enforcement and penalties. The bill aims to ensure that vehicle owners and independent repair facilities have access to the necessary information and tools to repair and maintain motor vehicles.

HB 1046 Mechanical Repair Contracts - Technical Service Bulletins BagnallApproved by the Governor - Chapter 207 (4/22)
Key Provisions:

Deceptive Practices Prohibition: Prohibits licensed vehicle dealers, obligors, and agents from making deceptive or misleading statements regarding mechanical repair contracts. Ensures testimonials from endorsers are truthful, accurate, and not deceptive.

Service Contract Compliance: Extends the provisions of the Maryland Consumer Products Guaranty Act to mechanical repair contracts.

Effective Date: October 1, 2025

HB 1256 (SB 949) Vehicle Laws - Fully Autonomous Vehicles ZieglerIn the House - Hearing 2/27 at 1:00 p.m. (2/7)
see crossfile

HB 1427 Maryland Zero Emission Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Council - Revisions MillerIn the Senate - Hearing 3/25 at 1:00 p.m. (3/18)
HB 1451 (SB 779) Climate Solutions Affordability Act of 2025 ChisholmIn the House - Hearing 3/11 at 1:00 p.m. (Environment and Transportation) (3/2)
Purpose: To ensure that the implementation of the Climate Solutions Now Act of 2022 is economically practicable. Key Provisions: Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Develop building energy performance standards to achieve a 20% reduction in net direct greenhouse gas emissions by January 1, 2030, and net-zero emissions by January 1, 2040, to the extent economically practicable. Measure and report direct emissions data annually beginning in 2025, to the extent economically practicable. Statewide Emissions Plan: Submit plans to reduce statewide greenhouse gas emissions by 60% from 2006 levels by 2031 and achieve net-zero emissions by 2045. Prohibit highway widening or new road construction as emission reduction measures. Zero-Emission Vehicles: Set goals for county boards of education to purchase zero-emission school buses starting in fiscal year 2025, with exemptions if requirements are not met or funding is insufficient. Develop agreements with electric companies to use electric bus storage batteries. Prevailing Wage and Benefits: Require contractors and subcontractors on electric infrastructure projects to pay prevailing wages, offer benefits, participate in apprenticeship programs, and recruit Maryland residents. Building and Vehicle Standards: Adopt the International Green Construction Code to enhance energy conservation. Ensure 75% of electricity supply for state facilities is derived from no- or low-carbon energy sources by 2030. Target 100% of passenger cars in the state vehicle fleet to be zero-emission vehicles by 2031 and other light-duty vehicles by 2036. Effective Date: October 1, 2025

HB 1457 Alternative Fuel, Fuel-Efficient, and Electric Vehicles - Highway Use Fees SolomonIn the House - Hearing 3/04 at 1:00 p.m. (Environment and Transportation) (2/14)
Purpose: To establish highway use fees for alternative fuel, fuel-efficient, and plug-in electric drive vehicles, and to create a voluntary mileage-based user fee program. Key Provisions: Highway Use Fees: Requires owners of alternative fuel, fuel-efficient, and plug-in electric drive vehicles to pay an annual highway use fee when registering their vehicles. Calculations for the highway use fee will be based on the estimated motor fuel taxes paid by a comparable fuel-efficient vehicle. Exemptions: Excludes vehicles such as autocycles, mopeds, motorcycles, vehicles over 26,000 pounds, government-owned vehicles, and those registered under the International Registration Plan. Mileage-Based User Fee Program: Establishes a voluntary program allowing vehicle owners to pay a mileage-based user fee instead of the annual highway use fee. The program will track miles driven and calculate fees based on the number of miles driven. The program ensures data privacy and limits data retention. Effective Date: July 1, 2025

SB 28 Vehicle Laws - Manufacturers and Dealers - Prices Listed on Dealer Websites WaldstreicherIn the Senate - Withdrawn by Sponsor (1/27)
Senate Bill 28 proposes to regulate how vehicle prices are listed on dealer websites in Maryland. The bill aims to prevent manufacturers, distributors, or factory branches from prohibiting dealers from listing vehicles for sale or lease at certain prices on their websites. It also seeks to prevent these entities from coercing or requiring dealers to list different prices and from taking adverse actions against dealers for listing specific prices. The bill includes amendments to existing laws to reflect these changes and is set to take effect on October 1, 2025.

SB 45 Vehicle Laws - Manufacturers and Dealers - Alterations FoldenIn the Senate - Withdrawn by Sponsor (1/27)
Senate Bill 45 proposes changes to the relationship between vehicle manufacturers and dealers in Maryland. The bill aims to alter provisions governing the compensation that manufacturers must pay to dealers for service obligations. It prohibits manufacturers from selling vehicle parts directly to retail customers and from requiring dealers to engage with certain third parties for repairs. The bill also authorizes dealers to complete warranty and recall repairs even if their franchise ceases to exist. Additionally, it includes amendments to existing laws to reflect these changes.

The bill is set to take effect on October 1, 2025.

SB 405 (HB 439) Vehicle Laws - Fully Autonomous Vehicles - Human Safety Operators and Reporting Requirements SallingIn the Senate - Withdrawn by Sponsor (2/10)
Senate Bill 405, titled "Vehicle Laws - Fully Autonomous Vehicles - Human Safety Operators and Reporting Requirements":

- **Human Safety Operators**: Requires a human safety operator to be present in certain fully autonomous vehicles operating on highways in Maryland.

- **Incident Reporting**: Mandates manufacturers of fully autonomous vehicles to submit incident reports to the Motor Vehicle Administration for any vehicle collision, traffic citation, disengagement event, or assault/harassment involving the vehicle.

- **Annual Reports**: Requires manufacturers to submit annual reports on disengagement events of fully autonomous vehicles.

- **Administration's Role**: The Motor Vehicle Administration must submit findings and recommendations to the General Assembly regarding the operation of fully autonomous vehicles. The bill aims to ensure the safe operation of fully autonomous vehicles and establish reporting requirements for incidents and disengagements.

SB 686 Environment - Extended Producer Responsibility for Batteries and Battery-Containing Products (Battery Stewardship Act) AugustineIn the Senate - Hearing 2/18 at 1:00 p.m. (2/3)
Senate Bill 686, titled "Battery Stewardship Act," focuses on extended producer responsibility for batteries and battery-containing products.

Key provisions include:

- **Battery Stewardship Plan**: Requires producers to submit a battery stewardship plan to the Department of the Environment for approval.

- **Sales Restrictions**: Prohibits the sale of batteries or battery-containing products without an approved plan.

- **Advisory Council**: Establishes the Battery Stewardship Advisory Council to advise on implementation and review plans.

- **Collection and Recycling**: Mandates free, convenient, and equitable collection and recycling services for batteries.

- **Performance Goals**: Sets performance goals for collection rates and recycling efficiency.

- **Public Outreach**: Requires public outreach, education, and communication about the program.

- **Financing**: Details the financing method for implementing the program, including eco-modulated fees to encourage environmentally friendly designs. The bill aims to enhance battery recycling and reduce environmental impacts through a comprehensive stewardship program.

SB 779 (HB 1451) Climate Solutions Now Act Affordability Act of 2025 GallionIn the Senate - Hearing 2/27 at 1:00 p.m. (Education, Energy, and the Environment) (2/4)
SB 834 Vehicle Laws - Manufacturers and Dealers - Prices Listed on Dealer Websites WaldstreicherIn the House - Second Reading Passed (4/7)
Senate Bill 834, titled "Vehicle Laws - Manufacturers and Dealers - Prices Listed on Dealer Websites," proposes changes to the regulation of vehicle prices listed on dealer websites in Maryland.

Key provisions include:

- Prohibiting a manufacturer, distributor, or factory branch from taking adverse action against a dealer for disclosing that the advertised price of a vehicle is the manufacturer's minimum allowable advertised price and that the dealer may offer a lower price for the vehicle.

- Ensuring that any consumer rebates, dealer incentives, price or interest rate reductions, or finance terms offered by a manufacturer, distributor, or factory branch are available to all dealers of the same line make.

- Prohibiting a manufacturer, distributor, or factory branch from requiring a dealer to alter or replace an existing dealership facility or denying any benefit for a dealer's failure to do so, unless the dealer violates certain laws. The act is set to take effect on October 1, 2025.

SB 949 (HB 1256) Vehicle Laws - Fully Autonomous Vehicles LoveIn the Senate - Hearing 3/05 at 1:00 p.m. (2/4)
Senate Bill 949 establishes standards and requirements for operating fully autonomous vehicles on highways in the state.

Key provisions include:

Definitions: "Automated Driving System" refers to hardware and software capable of performing the entire dynamic driving task on a sustained basis. "Dynamic Driving Task" encompasses all real-time operational functions required to operate a motor vehicle on a highway, including vehicle motion control, environment monitoring, and signaling. "Fully Autonomous Vehicle" denotes a motor vehicle equipped with an automated driving system designed to function without a human driver, including Level 4 or 5 systems as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers International. "Minimal Risk Condition" is a low-risk state a fully autonomous vehicle achieves when it cannot safely continue the trip. "Operational Design Domain" refers to operating conditions under which a given automated driving system is specifically designed to function, including environmental conditions, roadway characteristics, or time-of-day restrictions.

Operational Requirements: A fully autonomous vehicle may operate on a highway without a human driver and with the automated driving system engaged if: In the event of a system failure rendering the vehicle unable to perform the entire dynamic driving task, it will achieve a minimal risk condition. The vehicle operates in accordance with Maryland vehicle laws, unless an exemption has been granted by the Administration. The vehicle bears the required manufacturer's certification label indicating compliance with all applicable federal motor vehicle safety standards, including any exemptions granted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Law Enforcement Interaction Plan: Before operating a fully autonomous vehicle on a highway without a human driver and with the automated driving system engaged, the owner must submit a law enforcement interaction plan to the Administration.

The plan must include information on: Communication with a fleet support specialist available during the vehicle's operation. Procedures for safely removing the vehicle from the highway and proper towing steps. Methods to recognize whether the vehicle is operating autonomously. Any other necessary information, including details on hazardous conditions or public safety risks associated with the vehicle's operation.